Locale

Locale

後記

後來發現，修改「/etc/default/locale」，只要留下一行就可以切換了

預設英文界面，設定「/etc/default/locale」如下：

LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

預設中文界面，設定「/etc/default/locale」如下：

LANG="zh_TW.UTF-8"

這樣設定的好處，就是其他的「LC_*」不會被寫死，

然後若使用「LightDM」登入時，可以選擇不同的語系登入，

登入後就會自動切換語系，操作界面也會隨之切換了。

以下是原本文章的論述，沒有刪除，對照參考用。

範例 Script

更多參考

修改說明

我是選擇英文來安裝，時區選「Asia/Taipei」，安裝程式會將「/etc/default/locale」設定如下

#  File generated by update-locale
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="lzh_TW"
LC_TIME="lzh_TW"
LC_MONETARY="lzh_TW"
LC_PAPER="lzh_TW"
LC_NAME="lzh_TW"
LC_ADDRESS="lzh_TW"
LC_TELEPHONE="lzh_TW"
LC_MEASUREMENT="lzh_TW"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="lzh_TW"

而我個人習慣是使用英文界面，所以會改成設定如下

#  File generated by update-locale
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"

重新登入系統後，

接著執行下面指令

$ locale

顯示

LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC=en_US.UTF-8
LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8
LC_NAME=en_US.UTF-8
LC_ADDRESS=en_US.UTF-8
LC_TELEPHONE=en_US.UTF-8
LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8
LC_IDENTIFICATION=en_US.UTF-8
LC_ALL=

額外一提

若是要中文介面，則要將「/etc/default/locale」改成設定如下

#  File generated by update-locale
LANG="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_TW.UTF-8"

接著要登出系統，再登入系統，

然後再執行下面指令

$ locale

有可能會顯示

locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
LANG=zh_TW.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=
LC_CTYPE="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_TIME=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_COLLATE="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_MESSAGES="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_NAME=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_ADDRESS=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_TELEPHONE=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_MEASUREMENT=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_IDENTIFICATION=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_ALL=

會多出現三行

locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory

只要執行下面的指令，就可以解決

$ sudo locale-gen zh_TW.UTF-8

再執行「locale」，就不會出現上面那三行，會顯示

LANG=zh_TW.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=
LC_CTYPE="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_TIME=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_COLLATE="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_MESSAGES="zh_TW.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_NAME=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_ADDRESS=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_TELEPHONE=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_MEASUREMENT=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_IDENTIFICATION=zh_TW.UTF-8
LC_ALL=

執行完「sudo locale-gen zh_TW.UTF-8」成功後，接著可以執行下面指令

$ locale -a

會出現一個列表，應該可以看到其中一行是「zh_TW.UTF-8」。

另外「locale-gen」也可以接多個參數，例如可以執行「sudo locale-gen zh_TW zh_TW.UTF-8 zh_CN.UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8」。

另外有些軟體，要顯示中文訊息，也需要額外安裝相關的「language-pack」，可以執行下面指令，查詢相關的套件。

$ apt-cache search language-pack | grep zh

顯示

language-pack-gnome-zh-hans - GNOME translation updates for language Simplified Chinese
language-pack-gnome-zh-hans-base - GNOME translations for language Simplified Chinese
language-pack-gnome-zh-hant - GNOME translation updates for language Traditional Chinese
language-pack-gnome-zh-hant-base - GNOME translations for language Traditional Chinese
language-pack-zh-hans - translation updates for language Simplified Chinese
language-pack-zh-hans-base - translations for language Simplified Chinese
language-pack-zh-hant - translation updates for language Traditional Chinese
language-pack-zh-hant-base - translations for language Traditional Chinese
language-pack-kde-zh-hans - KDE translation meta package for language zh_CN
language-pack-kde-zh-hant - KDE translation meta package for language zh_TW

或是也可以使用「check-language-support」這個指令，來查詢相關的套件。

例如執行

$ check-language-support -l zh

或是執行

$ check-language-support -l zh_TW

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