update linux-generic
相關討論
測試環境
- Xubuntu 16.04 64位元 英文界面(新安裝在VirtualBox)
觀察目前套件狀態
執行
$ dpkg -l 'linux*'
顯示
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-=============================-===================-===================-================================================================
ii linux-base 4.0ubuntu1 all Linux image base package
un linux-doc-4.4.0 <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-firmware 1.157 all Firmware for Linux kernel drivers
ii linux-generic 4.4.0.21.22 amd64 Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
un linux-headers <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-headers-3.0 <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-21 4.4.0-21.37 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 4.4.0
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-21-generi 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-generic 4.4.0.21.22 amd64 Generic Linux kernel headers
un linux-image <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-image-4.4.0-21-generic 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-ge 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-generic 4.4.0.21.22 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
un linux-initramfs-tool <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-kernel-headers <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-kernel-log-daemon <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-libc-dev:amd64 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux Kernel Headers for development
un linux-restricted-common <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-sound-base 1.0.25+dfsg-0ubuntu all base package for ALSA and OSS sound systems
un linux-source-4.4.0 <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-tools <none> <none> (no description available)
觀察可更新套件
執行
$ apt-cache policy linux-generic
顯示
linux-generic:
Installed: 4.4.0.21.22
Candidate: 4.4.0.21.22
Version table:
*** 4.4.0.21.22 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
更新套件庫資訊
執行
$ sudo apt-get update
顯示
[sudo] password for user:
Hit:1 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:2 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [94.5 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [94.5 kB]
Get:4 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease [92.2 kB]
Get:5 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages [224 kB]
Get:6 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main i386 Packages [220 kB]
Get:7 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main Translation-en [86.3 kB]
Get:8 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [187 kB]
Get:9 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [146 kB]
Get:10 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [157 B]
Get:11 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages [101 kB]
Get:12 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe i386 Packages [97.7 kB]
Get:13 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe Translation-en [48.7 kB]
Get:14 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [21.6 kB]
Get:15 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [49.8 kB]
Get:16 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [1176 B]
Get:17 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse i386 Packages [1344 B]
Get:18 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse Translation-en [628 B]
Get:19 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [158 B]
Get:20 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 Packages [676 B]
Get:21 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main i386 Packages [676 B]
Get:22 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main Translation-en [528 B]
Get:23 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [197 B]
Get:24 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [194 B]
Get:25 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [194 B]
Get:26 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [194 B]
Get:27 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages [89.7 kB]
Get:28 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 Packages [86.5 kB]
Get:29 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main Translation-en [36.2 kB]
Get:30 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [5690 B]
Get:31 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [27.2 kB]
Get:32 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [158 B]
Get:33 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages [24.9 kB]
Get:34 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe i386 Packages [24.9 kB]
Get:35 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Translation-en [15.8 kB]
Get:36 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [2329 B]
Get:37 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [4102 B]
Get:38 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [1176 B]
Get:39 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse i386 Packages [1344 B]
Get:40 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse Translation-en [628 B]
Get:41 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [200 B]
Fetched 1789 kB in 13s (130 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
再度觀察可更新套件
執行
$ apt-cache policy linux-generic
顯示
linux-generic:
Installed: 4.4.0.21.22
Candidate: 4.4.0.28.30
Version table:
4.4.0.28.30 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages
*** 4.4.0.21.22 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
更新套件
執行
$ sudo apt-get install linux-generic
顯示
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
linux-headers-4.4.0-28 linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic
linux-image-generic
Suggested packages:
fdutils linux-doc-4.4.0 | linux-source-4.4.0 linux-tools
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-headers-4.4.0-28 linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generic linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic
3 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 203 not upgraded.
Need to get 68.3 MB of archives.
After this operation, 295 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Get:1 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic amd64 4.4.0-28.47 [18.7 MB]
Get:2 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic amd64 4.4.0-28.47 [38.8 MB]
Get:3 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-generic amd64 4.4.0.28.30 [1790 B]
Get:4 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-image-generic amd64 4.4.0.28.30 [2332 B]
Get:5 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.4.0-28 all 4.4.0-28.47 [9944 kB]
Get:6 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generic amd64 4.4.0-28.47 [790 kB]
Get:7 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-generic amd64 4.4.0.28.30 [2306 B]
Fetched 68.3 MB in 29min 13s (39.0 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic.
(Reading database ... 154656 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic_4.4.0-28.47_amd64.deb ...
Done.
Unpacking linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic (4.4.0-28.47) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic_4.4.0-28.47_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic (4.4.0-28.47) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-generic_4.4.0.28.30_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-generic (4.4.0.28.30) over (4.4.0.21.22) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-generic_4.4.0.28.30_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-generic (4.4.0.28.30) over (4.4.0.21.22) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.4.0-28.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-4.4.0-28_4.4.0-28.47_all.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.4.0-28 (4.4.0-28.47) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generic_4.4.0-28.47_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generic (4.4.0-28.47) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-generic_4.4.0.28.30_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-generic (4.4.0.28.30) over (4.4.0.21.22) ...
Setting up linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic (4.4.0-28.47) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/unattended-upgrades 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-28-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin
done
Setting up linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic (4.4.0-28.47) ...
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/unattended-upgrades 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 4.4.0-28-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
Generating grub configuration file ...
Warning: Setting GRUB_TIMEOUT to a non-zero value when GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT is set is no longer supported.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-28-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-28-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-21-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-21-generic
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.elf
Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin
done
Setting up linux-image-generic (4.4.0.28.30) ...
Setting up linux-headers-4.4.0-28 (4.4.0-28.47) ...
Setting up linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generic (4.4.0-28.47) ...
Setting up linux-headers-generic (4.4.0.28.30) ...
Setting up linux-generic (4.4.0.28.30) ...
觀察可更新套件
執行
$ apt-cache policy linux-generic
顯示
linux-generic:
Installed: 4.4.0.28.30
Candidate: 4.4.0.28.30
Version table:
*** 4.4.0.28.30 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
4.4.0.21.22 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
觀察目前套件狀態
執行
$ dpkg -l 'linux*'
顯示
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-=============================-===================-===================-================================================================
ii linux-base 4.0ubuntu1 all Linux image base package
un linux-doc-4.4.0 <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-firmware 1.157 all Firmware for Linux kernel drivers
ii linux-generic 4.4.0.28.30 amd64 Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
un linux-headers <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-headers-3.0 <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-21 4.4.0-21.37 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 4.4.0
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-21-generi 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-28 4.4.0-28.47 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 4.4.0
ii linux-headers-4.4.0-28-generi 4.4.0-28.47 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-generic 4.4.0.28.30 amd64 Generic Linux kernel headers
un linux-image <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-image-4.4.0-21-generic 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-ge 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-ge 4.4.0-28.47 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-generic 4.4.0.28.30 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
un linux-initramfs-tool <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-kernel-headers <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-kernel-log-daemon <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-libc-dev:amd64 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux Kernel Headers for development
un linux-restricted-common <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-sound-base 1.0.25+dfsg-0ubuntu all base package for ALSA and OSS sound systems
un linux-source-4.4.0 <none> <none> (no description available)
un linux-tools <none> <none> (no description available)
manpage
package
- linux-generic
- linux-image-generic
- linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic
- linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic
- linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic
後續
接著來看「hook update-grub」。