如何設定 NetworkManager 成不更新不升級
原始討論
- 原始討論「回覆: NetworkManager如何設定成不更新不升級?」。
- 原始討論「回覆: NetworkManager如何設定成不更新不升級?」。
相關說明
執行
$ man apt-mark
可以找到下面的說明
...略...
PREVENT CHANGES FOR A PACKAGE
hold
hold is used to mark a package as held back, which will prevent the
package from being automatically installed, upgraded or removed.
...略...
操作步驟
以下步驟，從剛安裝好在VirtualBox上的16.04來測試的。
執行
$ sudo apt-get update
然後執行
$ apt-cache policy network-manager
顯示
network-manager:
Installed: 1.1.93-0ubuntu4
Candidate: 1.2.0-0ubuntu0.16.04.3
Version table:
1.2.0-0ubuntu0.16.04.3 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages
*** 1.1.93-0ubuntu4 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
執行下面指令，將「network-manager」這個套件，設定為hold。 （樓主，你一開始要問的，只有這個指令，其他的步驟只是確認。）
$ sudo apt-mark hold network-manager
顯示
network-manager set on hold.
確認方法
確認方法一
執行
$ apt-mark showhold
顯示
network-manager
確認方法二
執行
$ dpkg --get-selections | grep hold
顯示
network-manager hold
確認方法三
執行
$ grep 'Package: network-manager$' /var/lib/dpkg/status -A 1
顯示
Package: network-manager
Status: hold ok installed
確認方法四
執行
$ dpkg -l network-manager
顯示(一般的狀況，應該是「ii」，現在變成「hi」)
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-=============================-===================-===================-========
hi network-manager 1.1.93-0ubuntu4 amd64 network management framework (daemon and userspace tools)
更新測試
執行
$ apt-cache policy network-manager
顯示
network-manager:
Installed: 1.1.93-0ubuntu4
Candidate: 1.2.0-0ubuntu0.16.04.3
Version table:
1.2.0-0ubuntu0.16.04.3 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages
*** 1.1.93-0ubuntu4 500
500 http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
測試 一
執行
$ sudo apt-get install network-manager
顯示
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following held packages will be changed:
network-manager
The following packages will be upgraded:
network-manager
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 275 not upgraded.
Need to get 1949 kB of archives.
After this operation, 12.3 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
測試二
執行
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
顯示 (注意下面的 The following packages have been kept back:)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic network-manager
The following packages will be upgraded:
accountsservice adwaita-icon-theme apport apport-gtk appstream apt apt-transport-https apt-utils base-files bash bash-completion bind9-host
binutils brltty brltty-x11 bsdutils command-not-found command-not-found-data console-setup console-setup-linux cpp-5 dh-python
distro-info-data dmidecode dnsmasq-base dnsutils dosfstools dpkg file-roller firefox firefox-locale-en fonts-noto-cjk fonts-opensymbol fuse
fwupd gcc-5 gcc-5-base gdb gdbserver gir1.2-gmenu-3.0 gir1.2-gst-plugins-base-1.0 gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0
gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 gir1.2-soup-2.4 glib-networking glib-networking-common glib-networking-services gnome-menus gnome-software
gnome-software-common grep grub-common grub-pc grub-pc-bin grub2-common gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-plugins-base
gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio gstreamer1.0-x gtk2-engines-murrine gvfs gvfs-backends gvfs-bin gvfs-common gvfs-daemons
gvfs-fuse gvfs-libs imagemagick imagemagick-6.q16 imagemagick-common init init-system-helpers initramfs-tools initramfs-tools-bin
initramfs-tools-core isc-dhcp-client isc-dhcp-common keyboard-configuration klibc-utils language-pack-en language-pack-en-base
language-pack-gnome-en language-pack-gnome-en-base language-selector-common language-selector-gnome libaccountsservice0 libappstream-glib8
libappstream3 libapt-inst2.0 libapt-pkg5.0 libarchive13 libasan2 libatomic1 libbind9-140 libblkid1 libboost-date-time1.58.0
libboost-filesystem1.58.0 libboost-iostreams1.58.0 libboost-system1.58.0 libbrlapi0.6 libcc1-0 libcilkrts5 libdfu1 libdns-export162
libdns162 libdpkg-perl libdrm-amdgpu1 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libexpat1 libfdisk1 libfuse2 libfwupd1
libgcc-5-dev libgd3 libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-bin libglib2.0-data libgnome-menu-3-0 libgnutls-openssl27 libgnutls30 libgomp1
libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0 libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0 libgstreamer1.0-0 libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk-3-common libimobiledevice6
libisc-export160 libisc160 libisccc140 libisccfg140 libitm1 libklibc libksba8 libldap-2.4-2 liblightdm-gobject-1-0 libllvm3.8 liblsan0
liblwres141 libmagickcore-6.q16-2 libmagickcore-6.q16-2-extra libmagickwand-6.q16-2 libmount1 libmpx0 libndp0 libnm-glib-vpn1 libnm-glib4
libnm-gtk-common libnm-gtk0 libnm-util2 libnm0 libnma-common libnma0 libnspr4 libnss3 libnss3-nssdb libpackagekit-glib2-16 libpam-systemd
libplymouth4 libpurple-bin libpurple0 libpython2.7 libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib libpython3.5 libpython3.5-minimal
libpython3.5-stdlib libquadmath0 libreoffice-base-core libreoffice-calc libreoffice-common libreoffice-core libreoffice-gtk
libreoffice-help-en-us libreoffice-math libreoffice-style-elementary libreoffice-style-galaxy libreoffice-writer libsmartcols1 libsmbclient
libsoup-gnome2.4-1 libsoup2.4-1 libssl1.0.0 libstdc++6 libsystemd0 libtasn1-6 libtevent0 libtsan0 libubsan0 libudev1
libunity-protocol-private0 libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop libunity9 libupower-glib3 libusbmuxd4 libuuid1 libwbclient0 libwhoopsie0
libwnck-common libwnck22 libxml2 lightdm linux-firmware linux-libc-dev lsb-base lsb-release lshw mount mtr-tiny mythes-en-us
network-manager-gnome openssh-client openssl pidgin pidgin-data plymouth plymouth-label plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text printer-driver-brlaser
python2.7 python2.7-minimal python3-apport python3-commandnotfound python3-distupgrade python3-problem-report python3-software-properties
python3-uno python3-urllib3 python3.5 python3.5-minimal samba-libs sbsigntool shared-mime-info snapd software-properties-common
software-properties-gtk sudo systemd systemd-sysv thermald thunderbird thunderbird-locale-en thunderbird-locale-en-us tzdata
ubuntu-core-launcher ubuntu-drivers-common ubuntu-mono ubuntu-release-upgrader-core ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk udev uno-libs3
update-notifier update-notifier-common upower upstart ure util-linux uuid-runtime vim-common vim-tiny wget whoopsie xbrlapi xinit
xserver-common xserver-xorg-core
272 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 379 MB/386 MB of archives.
After this operation, 33.6 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
測試三
執行
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
顯示 (注意下面的 The following packages have been kept back:)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-headers-4.4.0-31 linux-headers-4.4.0-31-generic linux-image-4.4.0-31-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-31-generic
The following packages have been kept back:
network-manager
The following packages will be upgraded:
accountsservice adwaita-icon-theme apport apport-gtk appstream apt apt-transport-https apt-utils base-files bash bash-completion bind9-host
binutils brltty brltty-x11 bsdutils command-not-found command-not-found-data console-setup console-setup-linux cpp-5 dh-python
distro-info-data dmidecode dnsmasq-base dnsutils dosfstools dpkg file-roller firefox firefox-locale-en fonts-noto-cjk fonts-opensymbol fuse
fwupd gcc-5 gcc-5-base gdb gdbserver gir1.2-gmenu-3.0 gir1.2-gst-plugins-base-1.0 gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0
gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0 gir1.2-soup-2.4 glib-networking glib-networking-common glib-networking-services gnome-menus gnome-software
gnome-software-common grep grub-common grub-pc grub-pc-bin grub2-common gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-plugins-base
gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio gstreamer1.0-x gtk2-engines-murrine gvfs gvfs-backends gvfs-bin gvfs-common gvfs-daemons
gvfs-fuse gvfs-libs imagemagick imagemagick-6.q16 imagemagick-common init init-system-helpers initramfs-tools initramfs-tools-bin
initramfs-tools-core isc-dhcp-client isc-dhcp-common keyboard-configuration klibc-utils language-pack-en language-pack-en-base
language-pack-gnome-en language-pack-gnome-en-base language-selector-common language-selector-gnome libaccountsservice0 libappstream-glib8
libappstream3 libapt-inst2.0 libapt-pkg5.0 libarchive13 libasan2 libatomic1 libbind9-140 libblkid1 libboost-date-time1.58.0
libboost-filesystem1.58.0 libboost-iostreams1.58.0 libboost-system1.58.0 libbrlapi0.6 libcc1-0 libcilkrts5 libdfu1 libdns-export162
libdns162 libdpkg-perl libdrm-amdgpu1 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libexpat1 libfdisk1 libfuse2 libfwupd1
libgcc-5-dev libgd3 libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-bin libglib2.0-data libgnome-menu-3-0 libgnutls-openssl27 libgnutls30 libgomp1
libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0 libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0 libgstreamer1.0-0 libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk-3-common libimobiledevice6
libisc-export160 libisc160 libisccc140 libisccfg140 libitm1 libklibc libksba8 libldap-2.4-2 liblightdm-gobject-1-0 libllvm3.8 liblsan0
liblwres141 libmagickcore-6.q16-2 libmagickcore-6.q16-2-extra libmagickwand-6.q16-2 libmount1 libmpx0 libndp0 libnm-glib-vpn1 libnm-glib4
libnm-gtk-common libnm-gtk0 libnm-util2 libnm0 libnma-common libnma0 libnspr4 libnss3 libnss3-nssdb libpackagekit-glib2-16 libpam-systemd
libplymouth4 libpurple-bin libpurple0 libpython2.7 libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib libpython3.5 libpython3.5-minimal
libpython3.5-stdlib libquadmath0 libreoffice-base-core libreoffice-calc libreoffice-common libreoffice-core libreoffice-gtk
libreoffice-help-en-us libreoffice-math libreoffice-style-elementary libreoffice-style-galaxy libreoffice-writer libsmartcols1 libsmbclient
libsoup-gnome2.4-1 libsoup2.4-1 libssl1.0.0 libstdc++6 libsystemd0 libtasn1-6 libtevent0 libtsan0 libubsan0 libudev1
libunity-protocol-private0 libunity-scopes-json-def-desktop libunity9 libupower-glib3 libusbmuxd4 libuuid1 libwbclient0 libwhoopsie0
libwnck-common libwnck22 libxml2 lightdm linux-firmware linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic linux-libc-dev lsb-base
lsb-release lshw mount mtr-tiny mythes-en-us network-manager-gnome openssh-client openssl pidgin pidgin-data plymouth plymouth-label
plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text printer-driver-brlaser python2.7 python2.7-minimal python3-apport python3-commandnotfound python3-distupgrade
python3-problem-report python3-software-properties python3-uno python3-urllib3 python3.5 python3.5-minimal samba-libs sbsigntool
shared-mime-info snapd software-properties-common software-properties-gtk sudo systemd systemd-sysv thermald thunderbird
thunderbird-locale-en thunderbird-locale-en-us tzdata ubuntu-core-launcher ubuntu-drivers-common ubuntu-mono ubuntu-release-upgrader-core
ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk udev uno-libs3 update-notifier update-notifier-common upower upstart ure util-linux uuid-runtime vim-common
vim-tiny wget whoopsie xbrlapi xinit xserver-common xserver-xorg-core
275 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 447 MB/454 MB of archives.
After this operation, 329 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
復原
若要「取消hold」，只要執行下面指令就行了。
$ sudo apt-mark unhold network-manager
附註
- 「apt-mark」這個指令，在「這篇回覆」，我有提過，當時只是用來找尋被hold的套件。真的實際使用hold，也是在這次才使用，所以我不確定會不會有啥副作用。
- 以前相關的討論「16.04拒絕了dsl的使用者?」，「升級15.10後無法連線(已解決)」，我想樓主有參考過，只是附註在這，給未來有相關問題的人，可以找到相關參考。
manpage
- man dpkg
- man dpkg-query
- man apt-mark
- man apt-cache
- man apt-get
更多套件操作實務，請參考這個「索引」。
另一個操作步驟
提供另一個操作步驟，設定「hold」。 概念上跟上面提到的是一樣的。
操作步驟
執行下面指令產生一個「list.txt」。
$ echo 'network-manager hold' > list.txt
執行下面指令，觀看「list.txt」的內容。
$ cat list.txt
顯示
network-manager hold
執行下面指令設定「hold」
$ sudo dpkg --set-selections < list.txt
上面執行完後，一樣可以使用上面的「確認方法」。
這個方法，可以用在移除套件，我之前有紀錄在「這篇」，下方有個「select移除」。